Hardline Israel government emerges, angering Palestinians

After reaching a late-night deal on a new coalition, Israel's Benjamin Netanyahu signed an agreement Thursday giving a senior role to the far-right Jewish Home that firmly opposes a Palestinian state.

Following six weeks of intensive negotiations, the Israeli premier finally managed to forge a government late on Wednesday, just an hour before a legal deadline. Had he failed, he would have forfeited his position as premier.

The composition of Netanyahu's rightwing, religious coalition marks a new shift to the right by giving increased prominence to Naftali Bennett's nationalist-religious Jewish Home party, which strongly backs settlement activity.
The move looks set to likely to complicate Israel's damaged relationship with the Palestinians and further strain ties with the international community.

But with a wafer-thin majority of 61 of the Knesset's 120 seats, the coalition looked set to face an uphill battle for survival, with commentators unanimous that Netanyahu would seek to broaden it out in the coming months.

Analysts said there was not likely to be any immediate change in Israel's policy towards the Palestinians, while acknowledging that Bennett's strong position at the table would likely strengthen the settlement enterprise.

As the new government took shape, Israel gave the green light for construction of another 900 new homes in Ramat Shlomo, a settlement neighbourhood east Jerusalem, the Peace Now settlement watchdog said.

The Palestinians immediately denounced Netanyahu's new administration, with chief negotiator Saeb Erakat saying it was clear it would not be working for peace and would seek to expand settlements.

This coalition "will be one of war which will be against peace and stability in our region," he told AFP.

"This government will set its sights on killing and reinforcing settlement activities," he said of Israel's ongoing construction on land the Palestinians want for a future state.
But Jonathan Rynhold, a political analyst from the Begin-Sadat Centre, warned against jumping to conclusions, saying the composition of the government could change "very quickly" in the coming months.

"Assuming that the government starts off narrow and rightwing, the international position of Israel will obviously become more difficult," he told AFP.

Under terms of the agreement, Bennett and his party will take several key portfolios, including justice and education, as well as control of the World Zionist Organisation's settlement division, which transfers money to settlements.

The party will have two seats in the security cabinet and his number two, Uri Ariel, will also become deputy defence minister with responsibility for the Civil Administration that runs all civilian affairs in most of the occupied West Bank.

- Impact on settlements -

Robbie Sabel, an expert at Jerusalem's Hebrew University, said the new government would not be popular with the international community but said Netanyahu would be careful to keep foreign policy matters out of Bennett's hands.

"Intentionally, Netanyahu is keeping the foreign ministry in his own hands for the meantime which means there will be no change in Israel's foreign policy," he told AFP.
Washington, he said, would likely express its concerns privately while judging Netanyahu on the basis of his actions, he said.

"In the past he has restrained the extreme rightwing, he has restrained settlement building," he said.

With peace talks completely off the agenda, Bennett's main sphere of influence would be the settlements, Rynhold said.

"It affects Israeli policies on settlements not on negotiations," he explained, recalling that Bennett was unable to prevent the last round of US-led indirect talks which collapsed in April 2014.

"A rightwing government makes it difficult for Israel's friends in Europe and its (Democrat) friends in the US to make the case for Israel because in those places there is nothing good that you can say about the settlements," he said.

Both experts agreed that were Netanyahu to secure an agreement to bring in Isaac Herzog's Zionist Union in the coming months, it would change the picture on the international front.

- 'Netanyahu bought time' -

With such a slim majority, Netanyahu was likely to be already seeking ways of expanding his fragile administration, which is to be sworn at the Knesset on Monday, commentators said.

"To a great extent, Netanyahu didn't succeed in forming a government, but has bought time to form a different government," one political observer told the left-leaning Haaretz daily.

Likud sources were quoted in several papers as saying they would seek to expand the coalition over the next few months by including the Zionist Union or even Avigdor Lieberman's Yisrael Beitenu.

Lieberman earlier this week pulled out of coalition talks in a move which ultimately cast Bennett into the role of kingmaker.

But Herzog insisted he would remain in opposition.

"We won't be a fifth wheel and we do not intend to save Netanyahu from the hole he has dug for himself," he told reporters.

"If he thinks he can wave one portfolio or another (to convince me otherwise) he is making a bitter mistake."